٧. Powell, Muslims and Missionaries, p. ١٤٦. ٨. W. A. Rice, Crusaders of the Twentieth Century; or, The Christian Missionary and the Muslim (London: CMS, ١٩١٠). ٩. See E. Headland, Revd. Karl Gottlieb Pfander, D.D., Sketches of CMS Workers (London: CMS, ١٨٩٧), pp. ٧ - ٨ (hereafter KGP). On p. ١١٢ of my Victorian Images of Islam (London: Grey Seal, ١٩٩٢), I mistakenly blamed Pfander for the expulsion, and also wrongly gave ١٨٣٥ as the date of his joining the CMS, following Lewis Bevan Jones, The People of the Mosque (Calcutta: YMCA, ١٩٣٩), for both. ١٠. KGP, pp. ٩ - ١٠. ١١. Stephen Neill, A History of Christian Missions (London: Penguin, ١٩٦٤), p. ٣٦٦. ١٢. Paul Eppler, Geschichte der Basler Mission, ١٨١٥ - ١٨٩٩ (Basel: Basel Mission, ١٩٠٠), p. ١٧. ١٣. Muir, Mohammedan Controversy, p. ٦٧. ١٤. K. G. Pfander, trans. R. H. Weakley, Balance of Truth (London: CMS, ١٨٦٧), p. ١٢١; see also Powell, Muslims and Missionaries, p. ١٥١. ١٥. Pfander, Balance of Truth, p. ١٢٣. ١٦. K. G. Pfander, Remarks on the Nature of Muhammedanism (Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, ١٨٤٠), pp. ٣ - ٥. ١٧. Vander Werff, Christian Mission to Muslims, p. ٤١; see Powell, Muslims and Missionaries, pp. ١٤٠ - ٤٤. ١٨. Jones, People of the Mosque, p. ٢٤٨. ١٩. Muir, Mohammedan Controversy, p. ٢٥. ٢٠. See A. Powell, "Maulana Rahmat Allah Kairanawi and Muslim-Christian Controversy in India in the Mid-Nineteenth Century," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, ١٩٧٦, p. ٥٤, citing Pfander in CMI ٥ (١٨٥٤): ٢٥٤. ٢١. Powell, "Maulana Rahmat Allah Kairanawi," p. ٥٥. ٢٢. Powell, Muslims. and Missionaries, pp. ٢٣٥ - ٣٦.